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Abstract
In the context of increasingly advanced artificial intelligence (AI) technology, ChatGPT – a powerful language model developed by OpenAI – is opening up new opportunities in the teaching and learning of English writing skills. As universities seek innovative ways to enhance language education, AI-powered tools are becoming integral to modern pedagogy. This study focuses on the application of ChatGPT in supporting the development of writing skills among English as a Second Language (ESL) learners in university settings. The primary aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of ChatGPT when integrated into common pedagogical techniques such as process writing, feedback-based writing, and model-based learning. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including pre- and post-test writing tasks, learner surveys, and in-depth interviews to capture both quantitative improvements and qualitative insights into students’ experiences. The research also examines how learners engage with ChatGPT as a learning partner, not merely a tool for correction. Initial findings indicate that ChatGPT is likely to assist learners in generating ideas, developing paragraphs, improving grammar and vocabulary, and enhancing self-correction. refining grammar and vocabulary, and developing self-monitoring strategies. Moreover, learners reported increased confidence and motivation when receiving instant, non-judgmental feedback from the AI. However, the study also raises critical concerns about the potential overreliance on the tool, which may inhibit the development of critical thinking, creativity, and independent writing skills if not properly guided. To address these challenges, the study offers pedagogical recommendations for integrating ChatGPT in a balanced and effective manner. Teachers are encouraged to use the tool as a supplementary aid rather than a replacement for instruction, ensuring that learners are trained to evaluate AI-generated suggestions critically. By combining AI technology with traditional writing instruction, educators can enhance the quality of ESL writing education in the digital age.
Keywords: ChatGPT, English writing, ESL learners, process writing
